"Not only… but also…"：强调句型的正确用法
"Not only... but also..." 是英语中最经典的强调句型之一，意思是"不但…而且…"。它能让你的表达更有层次感，尤其在写作和正式场合中非常有用。但如果用错了——尤其是倒装结构——反而会显得不专业。
一、基本结构（正常语序）
最基本的形式是not only + A + but also + B，A 和 B 可以是名词、动词、形容词或整个句子。
She is not only smart but also hardworking.
她不仅聪明，而且勤奋。
He speaks not only English but also French and German.
他不仅会说英语，还会说法语和德语。
This app is not only free but also ad-free.
这个应用不仅免费，而且没有广告。
二、倒装结构（重点！）
当 not only 放在句首时，后面的从句必须用倒装语序（助动词提前到主语前面）。这是很多学习者最容易出错的地方。
规则：Not only + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词..., but also...
Not only does she speak English, but she also speaks French.
她不仅会说英语，还会说法语。（does 提到主语前。）
Not only is he a great writer, but he is also a talented musician.
他不仅是一位优秀的作家，还是一位有才华的音乐家。
Not only did they finish early, but they also did an excellent job.
他们不仅提前完成了，而且做得非常好。
Not only have I visited Japan, but I have also lived there for two years.
我不仅去过日本，还在那里住了两年。
关键规则：not only 后不是倒装，but also 后保持正常语序。只倒装前半部分。
三、平行结构要求
not only 后面的结构和 but also 后面的结构必须语法形式一致——名词对名词、动词对动词、介词短语对介词短语。这被称为"平行结构"。
正确示范：
She is interested in not only art but also music. (名词 vs 名词 ✓)
她不仅对艺术感兴趣，也对音乐感兴趣。
He not only sings but also dances. (动词 vs 动词 ✓)
他不仅唱歌，还跳舞。
错误示范：
✗ She not only likes reading but also to write. → ✓ She not only likes reading but also likes writing.
reading 和 to write 形式不一致。
四、变体形式
实际使用中，but also 有多种变体：
He is not just my boss but my mentor.
他不只是我的老板，还是我的导师。（not just...but...更口语化。）
This is not merely a problem but also an opportunity.
这不仅仅是一个问题，也是一个机会。（not merely 更正式。）
She is not simply talented but truly gifted.
她不只是有才华，而是天赋异禀。
五、口语中的省略
日常对话中，but also 有时可以简化为 but，also 可以省略或放在句末。
It's not only cheap — it's good quality, too.
它不仅便宜，质量也很好。
Not only did I pass the test — I got the highest score!
我不光考过了——还是最高分！（口语中省略 but also。）
六、各种时态的倒装总结
| 时态 | 正常语序 | 倒装结构 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | She speaks... | Not only does she speak... |
| 一般过去时 | They finished... | Not only did they finish... |
| 现在完成时 | I have visited... | Not only have I visited... |
| be 动词 | He is... | Not only is he... |
| 情态动词 | She can... | Not only can she... |
七、常见错误
✗ Not only she speaks English but also French. → ✓ Not only does she speak English but also French.
not only 放句首时必须倒装。
✗ Not only does she speaks English... → ✓ Not only does she speak English...
助动词后面的动词用原形，不是第三人称单数。
核心口诀
Not only 放句首 → 倒装（助动词提前）。
But also 在后 → 正常语序。
前后语法形式要 平行一致（名词对名词，动词对动词）。
口语中可以省略 also（not only...but...）。